← Gmail + Formatting integrations

[Data] Convert JSON to String with Formatting API on New Email Received from Gmail API

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Trigger workflow on
New Email Received from the Gmail API
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[Data] Convert JSON to String with the Formatting API
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Getting Started

This integration creates a workflow with a Gmail trigger and Formatting action. When you configure and deploy the workflow, it will run on Pipedream's servers 24x7 for free.

  1. Select this integration
  2. Configure the New Email Received trigger
    1. Connect your Gmail account
    2. Select a Trigger Type
    3. Optional- Configure Service Account Key JSON
    4. Configure serviceAccountKeyJsonInstructions
    5. Optional- Select a Pub/Sub Topic
    6. Optional- Select a Pub/Sub Topic Name
    7. Optional- Select a Label
    8. Configure permissionAlert
    9. Configure latencyWarningAlert
  3. Configure the [Data] Convert JSON to String action
    1. Connect your Formatting account
    2. Configure Input
  4. Deploy the workflow
  5. Send a test event to validate your setup
  6. Turn on the trigger

Details

This integration uses pre-built, source-available components from Pipedream's GitHub repo. These components are developed by Pipedream and the community, and verified and maintained by Pipedream.

To contribute an update to an existing component or create a new component, create a PR on GitHub. If you're new to Pipedream component development, you can start with quickstarts for trigger span and action development, and then review the component API reference.

Trigger

Description:Emit new event when a new email is received.
Version:0.1.7
Key:gmail-new-email-received

New Email Received Overview

The Gmail - New Email Received (Instant) source enables you to trigger Pipedream workflows based on real-time changes to your Gmail inbox.

Trigger Code

import gmail from "../../gmail.app.mjs";
import common from "../common/polling-history.mjs";
import {
  axios,
  DEFAULT_POLLING_SOURCE_TIMER_INTERVAL,
  ConfigurationError,
} from "@pipedream/platform";
import { PubSub } from "@google-cloud/pubsub";
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from "uuid";
import verifyClient from "../common/verify-client-id.mjs";

export default {
  ...common,
  key: "gmail-new-email-received",
  name: "New Email Received",
  description: "Emit new event when a new email is received.",
  type: "source",
  version: "0.1.7",
  dedupe: "unique",
  props: {
    gmail,
    db: "$.service.db",
    triggerType: {
      type: "string",
      label: "Trigger Type",
      options: [
        "webhook",
        "polling",
      ],
      description:
        "Configuring this source as a `webhook` (instant) trigger requires a custom OAuth client. [Refer to the guide here to get started](https://pipedream.com/apps/gmail/#getting-started).",
      reloadProps: true,
    },
    serviceAccountKeyJson: {
      type: "string",
      label: "Service Account Key JSON",
      optional: true,
      hidden: true,
      reloadProps: true,
    },
    serviceAccountKeyJsonInstructions: {
      type: "alert",
      alertType: "info",
      content: `1) [Create a service account in GCP](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/creating-managing-service-accounts) and set the following permission: **Pub/Sub Admin**
        \n2) [Generate a service account key](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/creating-managing-service-account-keys)
        \n3) Download the key details in JSON format
        \n4) Open the JSON in a text editor, and **copy and paste its contents here**.
      `,
      hidden: true,
    },
    topicType: {
      type: "string",
      label: "Pub/Sub Topic",
      description:
        "Do you have an existing Pub/Sub topic, or would you like to create a new one?",
      options: [
        "existing",
        "new",
      ],
      optional: true,
      hidden: true,
      reloadProps: true,
    },
    topic: {
      type: "string",
      label: "Pub/Sub Topic Name",
      description: "Select a Pub/Sub topic from your GCP account to watch",
      async options() {
        return this.getTopics();
      },
      optional: true,
      hidden: true,
      reloadProps: true,
    },
    label: {
      propDefinition: [
        gmail,
        "label",
      ],
      default: "INBOX",
      optional: true,
      hidden: true,
    },
    permissionAlert: {
      type: "alert",
      alertType: "error",
      content: `Unable to grant publish permission to Gmail API service account.
      \n1. Navigate to your [Google Cloud PubSub Topics List](https://console.cloud.google.com/cloudpubsub)
      \n2. Select "View Permissions" for the topic you intend to use for this source.
      \n3. Click "ADD PRINCIPAL"
      \n4. Select "Pub/Sub Publisher" for the Role.
      \n5. Enter \`serviceAccount:gmail-api-push@system.gserviceaccount.com\` as the principal. 
      \n6. Click "Save"
      `,
      hidden: true,
    },
    latencyWarningAlert: {
      type: "alert",
      alertType: "warning",
      content:
        "Please allow up to 1 minute for deployment. We're setting up your real-time email notifications behind the scenes.",
      hidden: true,
    },
  },
  async additionalProps(props) {
    const newProps = {};
    if (this.triggerType === "polling") {
      newProps.timer = {
        type: "$.interface.timer",
        default: {
          intervalSeconds: DEFAULT_POLLING_SOURCE_TIMER_INTERVAL,
        },
      };
    }
    if (this.triggerType === "webhook") {
      // verify that a Custom OAuth client is being used
      const isValidClientId = await this.checkClientId();
      if (!isValidClientId) {
        throw new ConfigurationError(
          "Configuring this source as a `webhook` (instant) trigger requires a custom OAuth client. [Refer to the guide here to get started](https://pipedream.com/apps/gmail/#getting-started).",
        );
      }

      newProps.http = {
        type: "$.interface.http",
        customResponse: true,
      };
      newProps.timer = {
        type: "$.interface.timer",
        default: {
          intervalSeconds: 60 * 60,
        },
        hidden: true,
      };

      props.serviceAccountKeyJson.hidden = false;
      props.serviceAccountKeyJson.optional = false;
      props.serviceAccountKeyJsonInstructions.hidden = false;

      if (!this.serviceAccountKeyJson) {
        return newProps;
      }

      props.topicType.hidden = false;
      props.topicType.optional = false;

      if (!this.topicType) {
        return newProps;
      }

      // create topic prop
      let topicName = this.topic;
      if (this.topicType === "new") {
        const authKeyJSON = JSON.parse(this.serviceAccountKeyJson);
        const { project_id: projectId } = authKeyJSON;
        topicName = `projects/${projectId}/topics/${this.convertNameToValidPubSubTopicName(
          uuidv4(),
        )}`;
        props.topic.default = topicName;
        props.topic.reloadProps = false;
      } else {
        props.topic.hidden = false;
        props.topic.optional = false;
      }

      if (this.topic || this.topicType === "new") {
        const topic = await this.getOrCreateTopic(topicName);

        // Retrieves the IAM policy for the topic
        let hasPublisherRole;
        try {
          const [
            policy,
          ] = await topic.iam.getPolicy();
          hasPublisherRole = policy.bindings.find(
            ({
              members, role,
            }) =>
              members.includes(
                "serviceAccount:gmail-api-push@system.gserviceaccount.com",
              ) && role === "roles/pubsub.publisher",
          );
        } catch {
          console.log("Could not retrieve iam policy");
        }

        if (!hasPublisherRole) {
          // Grant publish permission to Gmail API service account
          try {
            await topic.iam.setPolicy({
              bindings: [
                {
                  role: "roles/pubsub.publisher",
                  members: [
                    "serviceAccount:gmail-api-push@system.gserviceaccount.com",
                  ],
                },
              ],
            });
            console.log("Permissions granted to Gmail API service account.");
          } catch {
            props.permissionAlert.hidden = false;
            return newProps;
          }
        }

        props.latencyWarningAlert.hidden = false;

        const {
          historyId, expiration,
        } = await this.setupGmailNotifications(topicName);
        newProps.initialHistoryId = {
          type: "string",
          default: historyId,
          hidden: true,
        };
        newProps.expiration = {
          type: "string",
          default: expiration,
          hidden: true,
        };
      }
    }
    props.label.hidden = false;
    return newProps;
  },
  hooks: {
    ...common.hooks,
    async activate() {
      if (this.triggerType === "polling") {
        return;
      }

      const sdkParams = this.sdkParams();
      const pubSubClient = new PubSub(sdkParams);

      const currentTopic = {
        name: this.topic,
      };

      // Create subscription
      const pushEndpoint = this.http.endpoint;
      const subscriptionName =
        this.convertNameToValidPubSubTopicName(pushEndpoint);
      const subscriptionOptions = {
        pushConfig: {
          pushEndpoint,
        },
      };
      const [
        subscriptionResult,
      ] = await pubSubClient
        .topic(currentTopic.name)
        .createSubscription(subscriptionName, subscriptionOptions);
      this._setSubscriptionName(subscriptionResult.name);
    },
    async deactivate() {
      if (this.triggerType === "polling") {
        return;
      }

      const sdkParams = this.sdkParams();
      const pubSubClient = new PubSub(sdkParams);

      const subscriptionName = this._getSubscriptionName();
      if (subscriptionName) {
        await pubSubClient.subscription(subscriptionName).delete();
      }
    },
  },
  methods: {
    ...verifyClient.methods,
    ...common.methods,
    _getTopicName() {
      return this.db.get("topicName");
    },
    _setTopicName(topicName) {
      this.db.set("topicName", topicName);
    },
    _getSubscriptionName() {
      return this.db.get("subscriptionName");
    },
    _setSubscriptionName(subscriptionName) {
      this.db.set("subscriptionName", subscriptionName);
    },
    _getLastProcessedHistoryId() {
      return this.db.get("lastProcessedHistoryId");
    },
    _setLastProcessedHistoryId(lastProcessedHistoryId) {
      this.db.set("lastProcessedHistoryId", lastProcessedHistoryId);
    },
    _getExpiration() {
      return this.db.get("expiration");
    },
    _setExpiration(expiration) {
      this.db.set("expiration", expiration);
    },
    _getLastReceivedTime() {
      return this.db.get("lastReceivedTime");
    },
    _setLastReceivedTime(lastReceivedTime) {
      this.db.set("lastReceivedTime", lastReceivedTime);
    },
    sdkParams() {
      const authKeyJSON = JSON.parse(this.serviceAccountKeyJson);
      const {
        project_id: projectId, client_email, private_key,
      } = authKeyJSON;
      const sdkParams = {
        credentials: {
          client_email,
          private_key,
        },
        projectId,
      };
      return sdkParams;
    },
    async getTopics() {
      const sdkParams = this.sdkParams();
      const pubSubClient = new PubSub(sdkParams);
      const topics = (await pubSubClient.getTopics())[0];
      if (topics.length > 0) {
        return topics.map((topic) => topic.name);
      }
      return [];
    },
    convertNameToValidPubSubTopicName(name) {
      // For valid names, see https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/docs/admin#resource_names
      return (
        name
          // Must not start with `goog`. We add a `pd-` at the beginning if that's the case.
          .replace(/(^goog.*)/g, "pd-$1")
          // Must start with a letter, otherwise we add `pd-` at the beginning.
          .replace(/^(?![a-zA-Z]+)/, "pd-")
          // Only certain characters are allowed, the rest will be replaced with a `-`.
          .replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_\-.~+%]+/g, "-")
      );
    },
    makeRequest({
      $ = this, path, ...opts
    }) {
      return axios($, {
        url: `https://gmail.googleapis.com/gmail/v1${path}`,
        headers: {
          Authorization: `Bearer ${this.gmail.getToken()}`,
        },
        ...opts,
      });
    },
    async setupGmailNotifications(topicName) {
      // Set up Gmail push notifications using OAuth token
      const watchResponse = await this.makeRequest({
        method: "POST",
        path: "/users/me/watch",
        data: {
          topicName,
          labelIds: [
            this.label || "INBOX",
          ],
        },
      });
      console.log("Watch response:", watchResponse);
      return watchResponse;
    },
    async getOrCreateTopic(name) {
      const sdkParams = this.sdkParams();
      const pubSubClient = new PubSub(sdkParams);
      const topicName = name || this.topic;
      // Create or get Pub/Sub topic
      let topic;
      try {
        [
          topic,
        ] = await pubSubClient.createTopic(topicName);
        console.log(`Topic ${topicName} created.`);
      } catch (error) {
        if (error.code === 6) {
          // Already exists
          topic = pubSubClient.topic(topicName);
        } else {
          throw error;
        }
      }
      return topic;
    },
    getHistoryTypes() {
      return [
        "messageAdded",
      ];
    },
    generateMeta(message) {
      return {
        id: message.id,
        summary: message.snippet,
        ts: +message.internalDate,
      };
    },
    filterHistory(history) {
      return this.label
        ? history.filter(
          (item) =>
            item.messagesAdded?.length &&
              item.messagesAdded[0].message.labelIds &&
              item.messagesAdded[0].message.labelIds.includes(this.label),
        )
        : history.filter((item) => item.messagesAdded?.length);
    },
    async getMessageDetails(ids) {
      const messages = await Promise.all(ids.map(async (id) => {
        try {
          const message = await this.gmail.getMessage({
            id,
          });
          return message;
        } catch {
          console.log(`Could not find message ${id}`);
          return null;
        }
      }));
      return messages;
    },
  },
  async run(event) {
    if (this.triggerType === "polling") {
      let lastHistoryId = this._getLastHistoryId();

      if (!lastHistoryId) {
        lastHistoryId = await this.getHistoryId();
      }
      await this.emitHistories(lastHistoryId);
    }

    if (this.triggerType === "webhook") {
      if (event.timestamp) {
        // event was triggered by timer
        const topicName = this._getTopicName();
        if (topicName) {
          // renew Gmail push notifications if expiring within the next hour
          // or if no email has been received within the last hour
          const currentExpiration = this._getExpiration();
          const lastReceivedTime = this._getLastReceivedTime();
          if (
            (+currentExpiration < (event.timestamp + 3600) * 1000)
            || (lastReceivedTime < (event.timestamp - 3600) * 1000)
          ) {
            const { expiration } = await this.setupGmailNotifications(topicName);
            this._setExpiration(expiration);
          }
          return;
        } else {
          // first run, no need to renew push notifications
          this._setTopicName(this.topic);
          const initialHistoryId = this.initialHistoryId || this._getLastHistoryId();
          this._setLastProcessedHistoryId(initialHistoryId);
          this._setExpiration(this.expiration);
          return;
        }
      }

      this.http.respond({
        status: 200,
      });

      // Extract the Pub/Sub message data
      const pubsubMessage = event.body.message;
      if (!pubsubMessage) {
        return;
      }
      const decodedData = JSON.parse(
        Buffer.from(pubsubMessage.data, "base64").toString(),
      );

      console.log("Decoded Pub/Sub data:", decodedData);

      const { historyId: receivedHistoryId } = decodedData;

      // Retrieve the last processed historyId
      const lastProcessedHistoryId = this._getLastProcessedHistoryId();
      console.log("Last processed historyId:", lastProcessedHistoryId);

      // Use the minimum of lastProcessedHistoryId and the received historyId
      const startHistoryId = Math.min(
        parseInt(lastProcessedHistoryId),
        parseInt(receivedHistoryId),
      );
      console.log("Using startHistoryId:", startHistoryId);

      // Fetch the history
      const historyResponse = await this.gmail.listHistory({
        startHistoryId,
        historyTypes: [
          "messageAdded",
        ],
        labelId: this.label,
      });

      console.log(
        "History response:",
        JSON.stringify(historyResponse, null, 2),
      );

      // Process history to find new messages
      const newMessages = [];
      if (historyResponse.history) {
        for (const historyItem of historyResponse.history) {
          if (historyItem.messagesAdded) {
            newMessages.push(
              ...historyItem.messagesAdded.map((msg) => msg.message),
            );
          }
        }
      }

      console.log("New messages found:", newMessages.length);

      // Fetch full message details for new messages
      const newMessageIds = newMessages?.map(({ id }) => id) || [];
      const messageDetails = await this.getMessageDetails(newMessageIds);

      if (!messageDetails?.length) {
        return;
      }

      console.log("Fetched message details count:", messageDetails.length);

      // Store the latest historyId in the db
      const latestHistoryId = historyResponse.historyId || receivedHistoryId;
      this._setLastProcessedHistoryId(latestHistoryId);
      console.log("Updated lastProcessedHistoryId:", latestHistoryId);

      this._setLastReceivedTime(Date.now());

      messageDetails.forEach((message) => {
        if (message?.id) {
          this.emitEvent(message);
        }
      });
    }
  },
};

Trigger Configuration

This component may be configured based on the props defined in the component code. Pipedream automatically prompts for input values in the UI and CLI.
LabelPropTypeDescription
GmailgmailappThis component uses the Gmail app.
N/Adb$.service.dbThis component uses $.service.db to maintain state between executions.
Trigger TypetriggerTypestringSelect a value from the drop down menu:webhookpolling

Trigger Authentication

Gmail uses OAuth authentication. When you connect your Gmail account, Pipedream will open a popup window where you can sign into Gmail and grant Pipedream permission to connect to your account. Pipedream securely stores and automatically refreshes the OAuth tokens so you can easily authenticate any Gmail API.

Pipedream requests the following authorization scopes when you connect your account:

emailprofileopenidhttps://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.labelshttps://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.sendhttps://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.modifyhttps://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.composehttps://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.settings.basic

About Gmail

Gmail offers private and secure email by Google at no cost, for business and consumer accounts.

Action

Description:Convert an object to a JSON format string
Version:0.0.5
Key:formatting-convert-json-to-string

Action Code

import { defineAction } from "@pipedream/types";
import app from "../../app/formatting.app.mjs";
export default defineAction({
    name: "[Data] Convert JSON to String",
    description: "Convert an object to a JSON format string",
    key: "formatting-convert-json-to-string",
    version: "0.0.5",
    type: "action",
    props: {
        app,
        input: {
            label: "Input",
            description: "An object to be serialized to a JSON format string.",
            type: "object",
        },
    },
    async run({ $ }) {
        try {
            const result = JSON.stringify(this.input);
            $.export("$summary", "Successfully convert object to JSON string");
            return result;
        }
        catch (err) {
            throw new Error("Error serializing object to JSON string: " + err.toString());
        }
    },
});

Action Configuration

This component may be configured based on the props defined in the component code. Pipedream automatically prompts for input values in the UI.

LabelPropTypeDescription
FormattingappappThis component uses the Formatting app.
Inputinputobject

An object to be serialized to a JSON format string.

Action Authentication

The Formatting API does not require authentication.

About Formatting

Pre-built actions to make formatting and manipulating data within your workflows easier.

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